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1.
Acta otorrinolaringol. cir. cuello (En línea) ; 49(1): 62-71, 2021. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1152175

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Ramsay Hunt (SRH) corresponde a la asociación de la parálisis facial periférica con una erupción vesicular localizada en el pabellón auricular, causada por el compromiso del ganglio geniculado secundario a una infección por el virus de la varicela-zóster (VVZ). Este síndrome es la segunda causa más común de parálisis facial atraumática y representa aproximadamente el 10 %-12 % de las parálisis faciales agudas, con una incidencia anual de 5 por cada 100 000 habitantes en Estados Unidos. El diagnóstico es principalmente clínico y entre las manifestaciones más destacadas se encuentran síntomas neurológicos como otalgia, tinnitus, hipoacusia asociada con parálisis facial junto a lesiones herpéticas características. Dentro de las complicaciones que se pueden presentar en esta entidad se encuentra, principalmente, la neuralgia posherpética, seguida de otras menos frecuentes como la encefalitis, el herpes zóster oftálmico y la mielitis. El manejo actual del SRH se basa en la aplicación de terapias duales con corticosteroides asociados a terapia antiviral, lo cual ha demostrado que el inicio temprano del tratamiento mejora el pronóstico y disminuye la aparición de complicaciones. El pronóstico de esta patología es inferior en comparación a patologías menos severas que comprometen el nervio facial (como la parálisis de Bell) y se ve impactado por varios factores como el inicio oportuno de tratamiento, el grupo etario y la presencia de comorbilidades.


Ramsay Hunt syndrome corresponds to the association of peripheral facial paralysis with a vesicular eruption located in the pinna, caused by the involvement of the geniculate ganglion secondary to infection by the varicella zoster virus. This syndrome is the second causes of atraumatic facial paralysis, representing approximately 10 %-12 % of acute facial paralysis, with an annual incidence of 5 per 100,000 inhabitants. The diagnosis is mainly clinical and among the most prominent manifestations are neurological symptoms such as otalgia, tinnitus, hypoacusis associated with facial paralysis together with characteristic herpetic lesions. Among the complications that may occur in this entity is mainly postherpetic neuralgia, followed by less frequent ones such as encephalitis, ophthalmic herpes zoster and myelitis. Current management of Ramsay Hunt syndrome is based on the application of dual therapies consisting of corticosteroids associated with antiviral therapy, showing that early initiation of treatment improves prognosis and reduces the appearance of complications. The prognosis of this pathology is inferior compared to less severe pathologies that compromise the facial nerve (Bell's palsy) and is impacted by several factors such as the timely initiation of treatment, the age group, and the presence of comorbidities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Herpes Zoster Oticus/diagnosis , Prognosis , Herpes Zoster Oticus/complications , Herpes Zoster Oticus/drug therapy , Herpesvirus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Facial Paralysis/virology
3.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 25(6): 458-464, dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-503965

ABSTRACT

Ramsay-Hunt Syndrome (RHS) is a rare affection characterized by peripheral facial paralysis (PFP), skin eruption in the auricular canal and cochleovestibular symptoms. It is produced by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation at the geniculate ganglia. We report four patients between 3 and 17 years-old with RHS. Earache was the first symptom in two cases and three had cochleovestibular compromise. The direct immunofluorescence from the vesicular lesión was positive for VZV in two of them. All patients received treatment with aeyelovir and in three cases, this was associated with steroids. Three children had complete resolution of the PFP. RHS is an infrequent disease in the pediatric population and it should be suspected in children with PFP, erythema, vesicles and/or auricular pain. Early treatment with aeyelovir therapy could improve the recovery rate of facial nerve palsy.


El síndrome de Ramsay-Hunt (SRH) corresponde a una inusual afección caracterizada por parálisis facial periférica (PFP), erupción en el pabellón auricular ipsilateral y compromiso cocleo-vestibular. Es producida por reactivación del virus varicela zoster (VVZ) a nivel del ganglio geniculado. Se reporta una serie de cuatro pacientes entre 3 y 17 años de edad con SRH. La otalgia fue el primer síntoma en dos casos, tres de ellos presentaron sintomatología vestibular periférica y uno déficit cócleo-vestibular. La inmunofluorescencia directa de hisopado de lesión vesicular fue positiva para VVZ en dos niños. Todos recibieron tratamiento con aciclovir y tres recibieron además corticoesteroides. Tres niños tuvieron recuperación clínica completa. El SRH es una entidad poco frecuente en pediatría y debe sospecharse en niños con PFP, eritema, vesículas y/o dolor auricular, ya que el tratamiento precoz con aciclovir pudiera mejorar la evolución de la PFP.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Herpes Zoster Oticus/diagnosis , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Herpes Zoster Oticus/drug therapy , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index
5.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; 66(5): 536-538, Out. 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1023114

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de Ramsay Hunt apresenta-se com erupções vesiculares no ouvido externo, otalgia e paralisia facial periférica devida à reativação do vírus varicela-zoster (VZV), presente em estado latente no gânglio sensorial do nervo facial. Esta síndrome ocorre geralmente em idosos, diabéticos e imunodeprimidos. Neste artigo, descrevemos um caso de um paciente de 17 anos com diagnostico clínico e laboratorial tratado com prednisona e aciclovir, com boa evolução.


The Ramsay Hunt syndrome envolves a vesicular eruption on the external, middle and inner ear reported to the reativation of latent varcela-zostervirus (VZV) retained in a dormant state within sensory ganglia of the facial nerve, causing facial paralysis. This syndrome commonly affects elderly, diabetics and immunedeprimed patients. In this article, an younger patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome is described. This patient was treated with prednisona and acyclovir having a good evolution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Herpes Zoster Oticus/complications , Herpes Zoster Oticus/diagnosis , Herpes Zoster Oticus/drug therapy
6.
West Indian med. j ; 45(4): 127-8, Dec. 1996.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-184944

ABSTRACT

Varicella-zoster virus has been associated with a variety of neurological manifestations. We describe a patient with the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome who developed a contralateral cerebral infarction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Acyclovir/therapeutic use , Cerebral Infarction/etiology , Herpes Zoster Oticus/complications , Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia/drug therapy , Cerebral Infarction , Herpes Zoster Oticus/drug therapy
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